Malaysia

Malaysia Baharu yang Inklusif

Also available in: English

Perjalanan Malaysia menuju ke tahap negara berpendapatan tinggi akan menjadi lebih bermakna jika semua lapisan masyarakat diberi peluang untuk berkongsi dalam kemakmuran negara. Foto: Bank Dunia/Samuel Goh

Sejak 1992, tarikh 17 Oktober telah diiktiraf sebagai Hari Pembasmian Kemiskinan Antarabangsa, atau secara ringkasnya, Hari Basmi Kemiskinan. Pada hari tersebut, dunia membicarakan kemajuan yang telah tercapai serta tindakan selanjutnya bagi mengakhiri kemiskinan.

Justeru, bagi menyambut Hari Basmi Kemiskinan pada tahun ini, Bank Dunia telah menerbitkan laporan Kemiskinan dan Kemakmuran Bersama bertajuk “Piecing Together the Poverty Puzzle”, yang mendokumenkan penurunan dramatik dari aspek kemiskinan ekstrem, yang dicapai dari tahun 1990 hingga 2015. Hanya dalam tempoh 25 tahun, walaupun populasi dunia meningkat daripada 5 kepada 7 billion, peratusan penduduk dunia yang dalam golongan miskin ekstrem menurun daripada 36% kepada 10% (iaitu 736 juta berbanding dengan 1.9 billion sebelumnya).

Also available in: Bahasa Melayu

*Malaysia’s journey towards becoming a high-income nation will become more meaningful if all Malaysians are given the opportunity to share the benefits of prosperity. Photo: World Bank/Samuel Goh*

Since 1992, October 17 has been recognized as the International Day for the Eradication of Poverty, or more simply, End Poverty Day by the World Bank. It is a day for the world to engage on the progress made and actions needed to end poverty.

To mark this year’s End Poverty Day, the World Bank has released its biennial Poverty and Shared Prosperity Report “Piecing Together the Poverty Puzzle”, which documents the dramatic reduction in extreme poverty achieved from 1990 to 2015. In the span of 25 years, the share of people around the world living in extreme poverty line fell from 36% to 10% (from 1.9 billion to 736 million), despite the global population growing from 5 to 7 billion.

bigstock/szefei — As the digital economy gears up to be the new driver of development in Malaysia, tax policy will need to keep pace with the country’s ambitions towards increased digitalization. Photo: bigstock/szefe

Malaysia wants the digital economy to play a central role in the next chapter of the country’s development—that much is clear. However, what may be less clear is why taxation should be part of the policy mix that will help deliver the country’s digital economy ambitions. This is important because taxes raise the cost of doing business rather than reducing it.

Also available in: English

Akses kepada pengangkutan adalah penting bagi memperbaik mobiliti sosial dalam kalangan komuniti berpendapatan rendah di Kuala Lumpur, khususnya bagi manfaat penduduk unit kediaman kos rendah. (Foto: Samuel Goh/World Bank)

Sejak beberapa tahun lepas, Malaysia telah mempamerkan perkembangan yang begitu ketara dari aspek peningkatan mobiliti sosial sejajar dengan usahanya untuk mencapai status negara maju. Namun demikian, kejayaan yang diperoleh tidak diterjemahkan dalam bentuk taburan yang saksama dalam kalangan populasi negara. Sebuah kajian oleh Institut Penyelidikan Khazanah pada 2016 telah menunjukkan bahawa 24% kanak-kanak yang lahir daripada ibu bapa berkemahiran rendah di Malaysia berterusan menjadi orang dewasa berkemahiran rendah. Begitu juga halnya dengan 46% kanak-kanak yang lahir daripada ibu bapa dalam kelompok 40% terbawah dari segi agihan pendapatan negara, turut kekal sebagai 40% isu rumah berpendapatan terbawah.

Also available in: Bahasa Melayu

*Access* *to transportation is essential for improving the upward social mobility of low-income communities in Kuala Lumpur, especially residents of low-cost public housing units*. *(Photo: Samuel Goh/World Bank)*

Over the years, Malaysia has demonstrated great improvements in enhancing upward social mobility as the country continues to advance toward becoming a developed nation. However, this success has not been evenly distributed among the population. A 2016 Khazanah Research Institute study found that 24% of children born to low-skilled parents in Malaysia remained low-skilled as adults. Likewise, 46% of children born to parents in the bottom 40% of the national income distribution remained in the bottom 40%.

*A man taking methadone, a synthetic opioid drug that treats heroin addition, at a voluntary treatment center for people who inject drugs in Kuala Lumpur. (Photo: Sutayut Osornprasop/World Bank)*

Working in public health brings me close to the stories of brave patients and dedicated medical staff. Very often we also conduct quantitative and qualitative assessments of case studies. In recent years, our work in Malaysia engages a public health concern that has gripped the world – HIV. Our findings have given us hope of winning the fight against the disease.

Also available in: English

Sedang Malaysia menghampiri status negara berpendapatan tinggi, ia perlu peka akan aspek pembangunan yang lebih luas tetapi tidak tercakup dalam angka pertumbuhan GDP.
Foto: Getty Images/Anadolu Agency

Malaysia sebuah negara yang cukup cemerlang bersandarkan pelbagai ukuran pencapaiannya, begitu menurut Growth Commission, yang mengetengahkan Malaysia sebagai antara ekonomi paling pantas membangun di dunia. Malaysia telah beralih daripada sebuah ekonomi berpendapatan rendah dan berorientasikan pertanian kepada ekonomi moden yang berteraskan perdagangan, malah bakal mencecah status ekonomi berpendapatan tinggi dalam hanya beberapa tahun saja lagi. Dari sudut pandangan kasar pakar ekonomi, rata-rata menganggap Malaysia sedang pesat membangun. Pertumbuhan tercatat tinggi, yakni pada 5.9% tahun lepas dengan unjuran setinggi 5.4% tahun ini, sedangkan inflasi pula rendah, iaitu hanya 1.8% setakat Mei 2018. Pendapatan juga tercatat tinggi, bahkan bakal melepasi nilai AS$12,055 yang menandakan Malaysia telah berjaya keluar daripada perangkap status pendapatan sederhana.

Also available in: Bahasa Melayu

As Malaysia moves closer towards achieving high-income country status, it is important to be aware of the broader aspects of development that are not captured by GDP growth.
(Photo: Getty Images/Anadolu Agency)

Malaysia is a remarkable country by many metrics, highlighted by the Growth Commission as one of the world’s fastest growing economies. It has transformed itself from a low-income, agriculture-oriented economy, to a modern, trade-oriented one that is on the cusp of reaching high-income status within the next few years. To most economists, especially those looking from the outside, Malaysia appears to be doing very well. Growth is strong, at 5.9% last year and projected at 5.4% this year. Inflation is low, at just 1.8% in May 2018, and incomes are high, approaching the magic US$12,055 threshold that marks an exit from the middle-income status that so many see as a trap.

Also available in: English

Di seluruh sektor ekonomi digital di Indonesia, baik perusahaan teknologi raksasa maupun yang lebih kecil mengeluhkan sulitnya menemukan bakat digital. Obert Hoseanto dari Microsoft Indonesia menjelaskan: “Sulit sekali mendapatkan karyawan. Kami menerima ratusan lamaran untuk program magang kami tetapi kami hanya dapat menerima 5 orang.”

Para lulusan pendidikan ilmu komputer juga merasa kesulitan untuk memenuhi keinginan atasan mereka. “Saya hanya menggunakan 30% dari ilmu yang saya pelajari di bangku kuliah saat saya bekerja dulu. Sisanya adalah learning by doing,” kata Natali Ardianto, dari tiket.com, sebuah perusahaan start up Teknologi, Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) yang berkembang pesat.

Dalam upaya membahas kesenjangan keterampilan ini, Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian menyelenggarakan sebuah lokakarya yang juga didukung oleh Bank Dunia untuk memperolah masukan dari sektor swasta, pakar pendidikan, dan praktisi global.

Also available in: Bahasa Indonesia

Across the digital economy in Indonesia, both IT giants and smaller companies have the same complain: digital talents are hard to find. Obert Hoseanto, an Engagement Manager from Microsoft Indonesia, said the company recently contracted only five people for an internship program, out of a pool of hundreds of applicants.

But those applying for jobs are also struggling, with many realizing the difficulties of meeting the needs of their employers. Natali Ardianto is learning the ropes at tiket.com, a thriving start-up, “by doing”, he said. “Only 30% of the curriculum of my education was useful for the company I joined,” he explained.

A recent workshop held by the Coordinating Ministry of Economic Affairs and supported by the World Bank strived to develop a better understanding of this skills gap, by bringing in insights from the private sector, education experts, and global practitioners.

Malaysia

Malaysia Baharu yang Inklusif

Inclusiveness in the new Malaysia

Taxing the digital economy in Malaysia: How do we balance growth with sustainability?

Pembaikan pengangkutan bandar untuk meningkatkan mobiliti sosial di Malaysia

Improving urban transportation for upward social mobility in Malaysia

Fighting HIV effectively, efficiently in Malaysia

Mengapa pembangunan Malaysia perlu disingkap di sebalik angka purata

Why it’s important to look beyond averages when it comes to Malaysia’s development

Membuka Jalan untuk Ekonomi Digital yang Berkembang di Indonesia

Paving the Way for a Thriving Digital Economy in Indonesia

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