Marie Gaarder is a Manager in the World Bank’s Independent Evaluation Group (IEG) with responsibility for human development and corporate evaluations. Prior to joining the Bank, she was the Director of the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (NORAD) Evaluation Department and Deputy Executive Director of the International Initiative for Impact Evaluation, 3ie. Dr. Gaarder is a contributor to the recently published book, Evaluation Methodologies for Aid in Conflict, and her research interests include aid effectiveness and policy influence, impact evaluations, systematic reviews, GapMaps, and conditional cash transfer programs.