Deborah Winkler is a Senior Economist in the World Bank Group’s Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice. Deborah has worked on issues of global value chains, offshoring, export competitiveness, foreign direct investment, and trade in services; their determinants; and their economic and social effects. She is particularly interested in the role that policy can play in shaping the trade-development nexus and has offered policy analysis and advice to client countries spanning all world regions. She is a former Research Associate of the New School for Social Research in New York City and received her PhD in economics from the University of Hohenheim in Stuttgart.