Hoda Assem is an Economist for the Middle East and North Africa region of the World Bank. She holds a PhD in Economics and an MSc in Analysis and Policy in Economics (APE) from the Paris School of Economics, and a joint B.A. degree in Economics from the University of Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne and the Faculty of Economics and Political Science of Cairo University. Her main research interests include international trade and political economy.