Dr. Jean-Francois Mercure is Senior Economist at the World bank and Associate Professor in Climate Policy at the Global Systems Institute, University of Exeter, UK. His research focuses on developing theory, models and methods for public policy appraisal in low-carbon innovation, and for assessing the effectiveness and socio-economic impacts of diverse types of low-carbon, energy and climate policies. He also develops methods to understand and assess climate-related financial risks. He co-leads two major programs at the World Bank on analytical tool development and coalition for capacity on climate action (C3A) for finance ministries. Prior to this he was recently project director for a £5M program of research and consortium of researchers commissioned by the UK government, project called 'Economics of Energy Innovation and System Transition', working with stakeholders in India, China, Brazil, the UK and EU (www.eeist.co.uk). He has worked at several universities including the University of Cambridge, where he continues as fellow of the Cambridge Centre for Energy, Environment and Natural Resource Governance (C-EERNG). He regularly engages with policy-makers internationally.