Jean-Louis Martin has been working for over 40 years as an economist on emerging countries. He worked for several years in macroeconomics, public finance, and economic statistics and as an economist at the Agence française de développement (AFD). He then joined the banking sector, in research teams and in international banking. As of 2018, he resumed a consultancy activity in economics with the World Bank (macroeconomics, financing for development), the Agence française de développement (design and evaluations of policy-based loans), the Spanish Development Agency AECID (inequalities), the United Nations (financing of adaptation to climate change), and the European Investment Bank. Jean Louis is also an associate fellow (on macroeconomics and political economy in Latin America) at the French Institute for International Relations (IFRI). He graduated from the National School of Statistics and Economic Administration (ENSAE).