Leslie Rutkowski is Professor of Quantitative Research Methodology at Indiana University. Leslie’s research is in international large-scale assessment. Her interests include latent variable models and examining methods for comparing heterogeneous populations in international surveys. Leslie currently serves as associate editor for the Springer journal Large-scale Assessments in Education and as co-executive editor for the Springer book series, IEA Research for Education. She is also the chair of the PISA Technical Advisory Group and the NAEP Questionnaire Standing Committee.