Rafael Ornelas joined the World Bank in 2017. He has a PhD in Economics from FGV-EPGE in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. His doctorate research focused on International Trade. At the World Bank, he works with macroeconomics, with specialization on fiscal policy. Over the last three years, he supported the World Bank team by elaborating fiscal diagnostics for Brazilian states to support operations with fiscal adjustment component in Brazil. He also participated of analytical works in Brazil, including the study A Fair Adjustment: Efficiency and Equity of Public Spending in Brazil (Brazilian Expenditure Review).